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Jumat, 27 April 2012

Oddsmaker: When judge finds willful Brady violation, what are chances state bar will discipline?

Here's your chance to play oddsmaker.

A judge in Denton County says two prosecutors withheld evidence and committed prosecutorial misconduct, banning the pair from his courtroom for the offense. Reported the Denton Record-Chronicle ("Two banned from Burgess' court," April 7):
A state district judge has banned two assistant district attorneys assigned to his courtroom from returning, ruling that they committed prosecutorial misconduct and don’t have “the innate intellect of a fifth-grader.”

Bill Schultz and Forest Beadle were working as family violence prosecutors, trying Silvano Uriostegui on a charge of aggravated assault with a deadly weapon in the 158th District courtroom of Judge Steve Burgess. After Burgess’ March 2 ruling that they willfully withheld exculpatory evidence from the defense — evidence that would have helped in his defense — Schultz was moved to the district attorney’s civil division and Beadle was moved into the 16th District Court.

Both men declined comment, citing policy to refer questions to the first assistant district attorney, who acts as spokeswoman for the department.

District Attorney Paul Johnson has defended the two prosecutors, and Jamie Beck, first assistant district attorney, said they were not disciplined but rather  counseled on the law as it pertains to the sections the judge ruled they violated during that trial. She said they would be required to take remedial courses in issues surrounding exculpatory evidence.
The prosecutors did not inform defense counsel that their star eyewitness had not, as earlier represented, positively identified the defendant, her husband, instead referring to the suspect as "he or she" and declaring she never saw a face.

The Record-Chronicle adds that the situation - though not a formal grievance - has been forwarded to the state bar:
Texas Disciplinary Rules of Professional Conduct provide that such conduct as the two prosecutors were found to have committed should be reported to the disciplinary council of the State Bar of Texas. Johnson, in a three-page letter to the council, wrote that he was satisfying that requirement but that he was not submitting a grievance against [prosecutors Bill] Schultz and [Forrest] Beadle. He defended their actions, stating that they did not intentionally withhold evidence.
If the conclusion of the Record-Chronicle account accurately portrays it, Judge Burgess sounds furious over the incident:
In his ruling on the writ of habeas corpus, the judge was detailed in his criticism of the way the evidence was handled.

“My jaw dropped to the ground when Mrs. Uriostegui testified the way that she did,” Burgess said in his ruling. “I was shocked. And for the state to actually know this and not disclose it, the only good thing I can say from this miserable hearing is at least Forrest Beadle told the truth and was not evasive and was straightforward. I don’t particularly like his answers, but he at least was honest.”

Burgess apparently was referring to notes Beadle made during the hearing that were subpoenaed by Amador that Amador was making another “[expletive] Brady motion.”

Burgess said that he could not fathom how someone who had been to law school and had practiced as long as Schultz and Beadle could not know they were violating rules of exculpatory evidence.

“And how disingenuous it is to get up here and testify that you don’t think that it’s Brady that the victim can’t identify by face or by anything other than smell and a boot who the attacker is ... ,” he said. “I’m going to have to ban both Mr. Beadle and Mr. Schultz from my courtroom. They’re not allowed to appear in this courtroom until I rule otherwise.”

Burgess said that it was particularly sad that the actions of the prosecutors robbed Maria Uriostegui of justice for the injuries she suffered. He found that the prosecutors goaded the defense into entering a plea bargain to avoid an acquittal in the case.

“A woman that was knifed nine times in the gut and elsewhere doesn’t get justice because nobody can read Brady, understand Brady, or has the innate intellect of a fifth-grader,” the judge said.
See the rest of the Record-Chronicle story for more detail.

My question: Given that the only prosecutor in memory publicly sanctioned by the state bar was Terry McEachern from the infamous Tulia drug stings - and that a recent survey of prosecutor misconduct findings by Texas appellate courts found no examples resulting in public state bar discipline - what are the odds the state bar publicly sanctions either or both of these prosecutors?

For my part, even if every jot and tittle of the judge's criticism is accurate, I couldn't go higher than 5% and would have a hard time justifying that number. Terry McEachern was disciplined because in that one case lightning struck, national and even international media honed in on the tiny South Plains community, and the activities he'd concealed of his undercover officer, Tom Coleman, were too well documented to ignore (largely thanks to mi amigos Nate Blakeslee and Jeff Blackburn, to give credit where it's due). So much attention had been drawn to the case IMO that the state bar disciplinary committee felt they would discredit themselves if they didn't act. But the system shouldn't require the case to be the subject of a 60 Minutes segment or a BBC documentary before the state bar mandarins decide to rein in rogue prosecutors. As a starting point, when judges tell them prosecutorial misconduct is going on in their courtroom and the elected DA's response is to move alleged Brady violator to another court, that should send up enough red flags to warrant a fuller investigation, even if the prosecutors' boss didn't submit a formal grievance.

Rabu, 25 April 2012

State bar dismisses Bradley grievance, receives new one, election looming

Continuing its de facto policy of virtually never disciplining prosecutors for alleged on-the-job misconduct, the state bar dismissed a complaint against Williamson County District Attorney John Bradley this week over the Michael Morton case, reports the Austin Statesman: The state bar's board of disciplinary appeals "reviewed the complaint as filed, taking no additional information, and determined that the accusations did not allege any violations of the Texas Disciplinary Rules of Professional Conduct, the ethics rules for lawyers, the letter said." Bradley had been accused of improperly delaying DNA testing and fighting to conceal exculpatory evidence being turned over to Morton's legal team.

Now the focus in the Morton case shifts to District Judge Ken Anderson. The court of inquiry to measure his culpability will take place September 11 in Georgetown: Be there or be square!

One of the problems with the state bar's reticence to discipline prosecutors is that even when complaints are dismissed, that does little to reassure the public that all is well. It's hard at this point to believe the bar would enforce rules for prosecutors in any event. Maybe it's true no violations occurred, but it's difficult for the public to have confidence in that judgment.

The dismissal, though, doesn't necessarily mean scrutiny has ended for Mr. Bradley. Your News Now Austin reports that another complaint has been filed against him alleging "the actions of Bradley and others on the state's Forensic Science Commission, resulted in a failure to properly investigate his previous complaints of negligence and misconduct at the Dallas County crime lab, Southwestern Institute of Forensic Science."

Reacting to the latest complaint, the Wilco Watchdog commented:
Bradley is now in permanent "no comment" mode. For the past month, he has failed to comment when pressed by the media to explain his false statements against the Cedar Park Police Association and other issues surrounding his application to become board certified in criminal appellate law. Since Bradley feels he is not accountable to the public and provide answers to questions regarding misconduct, on May 29th, the public can hold him accountable at the ballot box. Until then, expect more dodgeball.
As the Watchdog notes, there's a much better chance voters will hold Bradley accountable than the state bar. Time will tell.

Sabtu, 31 Maret 2012

Blackwell: Texas State Bar 'not set up to oversee prosecutors'

The Dallas Observer has an interview with Austin attorney Betty Blackwell who is a recent, former chair of the state bar disciplinary committee and participated on a panel discussion Thursday at the UT law school on prosecutorial oversight. These answers, I thought, were particularly enlightening:
Have you seen awareness of prosecutorial misconduct change over the years?

\I will tell you DNA and the fabulous work done by the Dallas D.A.'s office has really brought this to the forefront because Dallas was so conscientious about saving all of its biological material that its office has had the most exonerations. It has really come very much to the forefront that there are innocent people in prison.

Why is it that almost no prosecutors are disciplined for procedural errors or withholding evidence?

It's because the State Bar system is set up on a complaint-driven system. And one of the things we talked about at that symposium yesterday was getting judges to file complaints when they see this, getting prosecutors in their own office to file complaints against people in their own office that they've seen do this, would help the State Bar discipline these people.

And then the other issue as to why people haven't been disciplined, particularly about Brady violations, is that there is a four-year statute of limitations on all grievances. Brady never gets discovered within that four year period. So if you go online and look at Anthony Graves exoneration, and Charles Sebesta has a website -- he's the D.A. that convicted Anthony and put him on death row even though he was totally innocent. Charles Sebesta holds up the letter from the State Bar saying that they exonerated him. Well, you can read the letter. It says the statute of limitations has expired. And that's the issue. Most of these complaints on Brady cannot be brought to the Bar in a timely manner.

And so, one of the suggestions is to eliminate that statute of limitations so that the Bar can investigate these cases even though it's been many many years since it happened. There should be no statute of limitations.
She added that "the State Bar is really not set up to oversee prosecutors because we have to receive complaints in a timely manner. Well, the Bar Association can suspend these lawyers if they violate Brady -- well, not if they're not told about it, and not if they're not told about it within the statute of limitations. So they [yesterday's speakers] brought those [issues] to the public, to say the Supreme Court relied on some safeguards that are just not working."

Of Connick v. Thompson she opined that "We all believe that's an unjust opinion."

See the full interview for more.

Kamis, 29 Maret 2012

Study: Prosecutor misconduct in Texas rarely disciplined

The Texas Tribune has published some of the preliminary data from a report to be released later today (at the forum previewed by Grits below) analyzing Texas cases where appellate courts identified examples of prosecutorial misconduct but the state bar failed to discipline the attorneys. The item by Brandi Grisssom opens:
In 91 criminal cases in Texas since 2004, the courts decided that prosecutors committed misconduct, ranging from hiding evidence to making improper arguments to the jury, according to data that the Innocence Project will release today.

None of those prosecutors has ever been disciplined.

“It paints a bleak picture about what’s going on with accountability and prosecutors,” said Cookie Ridolfi, founder of the Northern California Innocence Project, who researched misconduct data in Texas and other states. ...
In Texas, Ridolfi said, she found only one instance in which a prosecutor was publicly disciplined, and it took place before the time period her group studied. Terry McEachern, who prosecuted the infamous Tulia drug cases in which black defendants were convicted of drug charges concocted by a rogue investigator, received a two-year probated suspension of his law license in 2005 and a $6,225 fine.
The McEachern case is certainly the only example I know of where a prosecutor has been disciplined by the state bar since I've been paying attention to such things (the actions that led to his probated suspension took place well before the study period), so I'm not surprised this research turned up no others. Those 91 cases, too, are just a sample identified from 2004-2008, Grits was told by one the study's collaborators, and not a comprehensive list. As Prof. Laurin pointed out, the research "explores documented court findings of prosecutorial error and there are many ways in which documented court findings, to the extent they’re publicly available, are not great ways of getting at ... how widespread of a problem there is." Still, it's notable if unsurprising that the state bar took action in none of the 91 cases identified during the period studied.

MORE: Find an excerpt from the press release below the jump:

New Research Illustrates Lack of Accountability for Prosecutors in Texas

New research released today by the Prosecutorial Oversight coalition illustrates the lack of accountability and transparency for prosecutorial misconduct in Texas. The research will be addressed at a symposium today at the University of Texas School of Law that will include panelists with backgrounds from all aspects of the criminal justice system addressing systemic and legal approaches for reducing prosecutorial error and misconduct.

The Austin event marks the second stop on a national tour organized by the Prosecutorial Oversight coalition, which includes the death row exoneree John Thompson, who was stripped of $14 million in civil damages for prosecutorial misconduct by the U.S. Supreme Court in Connick v. Texas; the Innocence Project; the Veritas Initiative, Northern California Innocence Project’s prosecutorial accountability program; the Innocence Project of New Orleans; Voices of Innocence; and local partners, the Texas Center for Actual Innocence; and the Actual Innocence Clinic at the University of Texas School of Law.

“No one is disputing that prosecutors have tremendous responsibility, and the vast majority do a good job under difficult circumstances.  But now that the Supreme Court has given prosecutors almost complete immunity for their actions, we need to develop systems of accountability for dealing with those prosecutors who violate their ethical obligations,” said Jennifer Laurin, Assistant Professor, University of Texas School of Law.

The research released today was conducted by the Veritas Initiative, which issued a groundbreaking report on prosecutorial misconduct in California last year.  The group reviewed all of the published trial and appellate court decisions addressing allegations of prosecutorial misconduct between 2004-2008. To see what, if any, consequences prosecutors face for their misconduct, Veritas looked at Texas’ public attorney disciplinary records from 2004 to November 2011.

From 2004 to 2008, courts found that prosecutors committed error in 91 cases.  Of these, the courts upheld the conviction in 72 of the cases, finding that the error was “harmless.”  In 19 of the cases, the court ruled that the error was “harmful” and reversed the conviction.  From 2004 until November 2011, only one prosecutor was publicly disciplined by the Texas Bar Association, and this was from a case that arose before 2004.

The Prosecutorial Oversight coalition notes that this review doesn’t begin to fully illustrate the scope of the problem. Almost all of the errors identified were of cases where defendants went to trial (only 3% of Texas criminal cases according to 2010 data) and had access to an attorney who raised the error on appeal.  Courts declined to directly address the issue in many of the cases where the issue was raised. Additionally, many opinions are not in writing and many aren’t published. Furthermore, the distinction between harmful and harmless is problematic because it doesn’t illustrate how serious the misconduct was, merely that the court determined that it wouldn’t have affected the ultimate outcome of the trial.

“Most prosecutorial misconduct is not intentional, but we know from John Thompson’s and Michael Morton’s cases that when it happens, the consequences can be devastating,” said Cookie Ridolfi, professor at Santa Clara University School of Law and Executive Director of the Northern California Innocence Project and the Veritas Initiative.  “What’s clear from this data is that we’re not doing nearly enough to document the scope of the problem and the disciplinary systems as they currently exist are vastly inadequate.”

Of the 91 cases where error was found, improper argument and improper examination were the leading types of error found by the courts, but these errors rarely resulted in the court reversing the conviction.  (Of the 36 instances of improper argument, only 3 were reversed. Similarly, of 35 instances of improper examination, only 3 were reversed.  Courts were more likely to reverse in cases where prosecutors failed to turn over “Brady” material (information that pointed to the defendant’s innocence), which occurred in 8 of the cases, resulting in 7of the reversals.  Misconduct was found most often in murder cases (28 % of the cases) and sex crimes (24% of the cases).

“As best we can determine, most prosecutors’ offices don’t even have clear internal systems for preventing and reviewing misconduct.  But perhaps even more alarming is that bar oversight entities tend not to act in the wake of even serious acts of misconduct ,” said Stephen Saloom, Policy Director of the Innocence Project, which is affiliated with Cardozo School of Law.  “We don’t accept this lack of accountability and oversight for any other government entity where life and liberty are at stake, and there’s no reason we should do so for prosecutors.”

Selasa, 03 Januari 2012

As predicted: State bar dismisses grievance against John Bradley from Morton case

Grits is shocked, shocked I tell you that the state bar announced it has dismissed the ethics complaint filed against Williamson County DA John Bradley stemming from alleged prosecutorial misconduct in Michael Morton's false conviction, a development the Austin Statesman reported today. Except ... oh yeah ... Grits predicted earlier the state bar "almost certainly" wouldn't do anything. As pointed out then, "The State Bar didn't even discipline a [former] DA or judge from Collin County after the prosecutor admitted in a deposition they'd been sleeping together during a capital murder trial." If that won't get a prosecutor sanctioned, how could one expect action stemming from the Michael Morton exoneration?

I'm not a lawyer, but to me Bradley calling in all the prosecutors involved for a meeting to review evidence before their depositions (unbeknownst at the time to Morton's attorneys) struck me as straight up evidence tampering, giving the alleged perpetrators an opportunity to get on the same page and get their story straight while muddying independent recollections. The state bar, though, apparently said that was okay by them.

Granted, the complaint against Judge Ken Anderson may be stronger on the merits, if potentially hindered by a statute of limitations, but Bradley's politically convenient, belated, and half-hearted mea culpa doesn't mitigate the fact that he fought for years to keep Judge Anderson's misconduct from being exposed, mocking Mr. Morton's innocence claims while obstructing every possible avenue for proving them. If that wasn't technically unethical according to state bar rules, it certainly was heartless and fundamentally antithetical to the prosecutor's oath to seek justice, not convictions.

Examples like this have convinced your correspondent that the Legislature must find some way to beef up sanctions for prosecutorial misconduct and/or implement preventive procedures, e.g., mandating open prosecution files. The courts won't do it, and it's wholly evident the legal profession is incapable of policing itself on questions of prosecutorial misconduct.

See related Grits posts:
 And more generally on the subject of prosecutorial misconduct:
See also the report (pdf) by Morton's attorneys on proseuctorial misconduct in the case and a deposition (pdf) of Bradley former appellate chief who worked on the Morton case, current Williamson County Court at Law Judge Doug Arnold.

MORE: From Simple Justice where, reacting to this case, Scott Greenfield accused the Texas state bar and Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas of "horseradish vision."

Rabu, 21 Desember 2011

'Bradleyland': Anatomy of a Meltdown?

Having in a past life worked as a professional opposition researcher in more than five dozen campaigns, I've had the opportunity over the years to watch more than my share of politicians melt down under pressure, both my own clients and opponents, during heated campaigns. And there are signs that's what's happening with Williamson County DA John Bradley, judging from this TV news report from KVUE, which I saw via the Wilco Watchdog. There we find a bizarre claim by Bradley that his electoral opponent, County Attorney Jana Duty, initiated the pending grievance against him at the State Bar, which he went on to deny even existed ("not a grievance but a complaint on a piece of paper which he says came from Jana Duty"). In fact, Jana  Duty did not file the grievance. As Grits reported here, it was a woman named Julie Oliver from a group called the Texas Coalition for Lawyer Accountability. See their press release.

The Watchdog sees this odd divergence from the facts as evidence that John Bradley's "Road to Damascus" moment, as Grits called it in this post, may be short-lived:
Grits reported a few weeks back a story on John Bradley’s election year transformation. It was titled “On the Road to Damascus: The Conversion of John Bradley?” One line from the post stated “Any such optimism regarding Bradley's newly announced conversion, though, should for now remain measured. He’s got a long record, and it will take more than a few words of humility to get everyone to believe that he’s had some road to Damascus moment.'"
Bradley was also quoted as saying “It would be very easy I think for me to get upset, bitter, and just react to all of that stuff but I’ve never really approached things that way.”

It appears Bradley’s road to Damascus moment just hit a dead end and he has exited back to “Bradleyland.”
The Watchdog adds that "Sources close to Bradley have stated that he is in complete 'panic mode' and is 'desperate' to salvage any remaining hope in being re-elected." This faux pas certainly sounds like desperation to me. I'd have thought JB was smarter than to just begin flailing and making stuff up. Issuing unfounded attacks you'll inevitably have to retract isn't the way to make up ground if the incumbent DA hopes to salvage his reelection chances between now and the April 3 primary.

Senin, 28 November 2011

Grievances filed against Bradley, Anderson and Davis

A group I'd not heard of, the Texas Coalition on Lawyer Accountabilty announced that it has filed grievances aganst current Williamson County District Attorney John Bradley, former Williamson County District Attorney (and current District Judge) Ken Anderson, and former Williamson County Assistant District Attorney Mike Davis. Go here to download copies.

The grievance against Bradley includes allegations related to the Forensic Science Commission's investigation into flawed forensics underlying Todd Willingham's conviction, in addition to alleged misconduct related to the Morton case. Via Wilco Watchdog.

MORE: See additional analysis from Wilco Watchdog. And from the Texas Tribune.

UPDATE/RELATED: Via KXAN-TV, "John Bradley files for re-election."

Minggu, 13 November 2011

Editorials: Weak state bar has failed in watchdog role over prosecutor misconduct

A staff editorial in the Austin Statesman argues that the state bar "must act forcefully in the pursuit of justice" by sanctioning District Judge Ken Anderson and Williamson County DA John Bradley over their roles in withholding exculpatory evidence in the Michael Morton exoneration. A key passage says that:
Any miscarriage of justice is tragic, but there is a level of relief in cases of wrongful convictions that were caused by unintentional errors or mistakes.

The public can take a breath and feel the system corrected itself, however late and unfortunate.

As taxpayers, we financially compensate innocent people who suffer prison terms because mistakes were made. In some instances, district attorneys who prosecuted and judges who sentenced or oversaw those trials are rightly humbled and offer apologies.

But Morton's case denies us that comfort. We're learning that mistakes or unintentional errors were not the cause of an unjust outcome. Instead, we're seeing through court records the actions of an arrogant legal team that bent, broke or entirely discarded ethical rules to convict Morton.

Allegations regarding misconduct focus on Anderson and his trial assistant at the time, Mike Davis. But they also should encompass actions of the current Williamson County district attorney, John Bradley. For six years, Bradley waged a legal battle to prevent the very DNA testing of evidence that freed Morton and pointed to another culprit. Last week, Mark Alan Norwood, 57, was arrested in his Bastrop home and charged with the 1986 murder of Christine Morton. ...
Certainly, there are many district attorneys who abide by the rules and take seriously their duties to seek justice, even when it means losing a case. But there are those who have abused their authority, and they have become emboldened by a weak State Bar that has not acted forcefully enough to address misconduct in the legal profession.

The Texas legal system certainly needs the State Bar watchdog to bark. But a watchdog that is unwilling to bite cannot effectively protect the house.
The Dallas News ran an editorial yesterday (behind paywall) looking beyond the impotent state bar to suggest other routes for preventing or punishing prosecutor misconduct, starting with mandating an "open file" policy for prosecutors:
Many other states operate that way: cards on the table, forget the cat-and-mouse game. Texas’ embarrassment of exonerations should be a strong motivation to fall in line.

Improved training is another step the state should take. There now is no mandatory course or refresher that the state requires of prosecutors to ensure that everyone is clear on obligations to share evidence. Considering the authority that prosecutors wield, there is compelling public interest in making sure they understand their roles in ensuring constitutional rights.

Finally, though a prosecutor can be criminally charged for misusing his position, an individual who is railroaded by a crooked DA has no access to state courts to pursue civil claims.

Legislation was filed this year to provide that access and limit a prosecutor’s immunity, but the bill went nowhere, with no debate. Lawmakers should take another look, give the matter their full attention and hear pros and cons.

The vast majority of prosecutors are honorable public servants and should not have to look over their shoulders in fear of nuisance suits. That could drive them out of the profession.

But there are outliers in any occupation, and they should not be immune from accountability.
The News closed with summaries of four high-profile cases involving prosecutor misconduct:
Dale Lincoln Duke, 60, was released in Dallas County on Nov. 4 after 14 years in prison, his conviction on child abuse charges declared “unjust” by a judge. The DA’s office said a prosecutor withheld evidence that the child’s grandmother thought the girl was lying.

Chelsea Richardson, 27, won an appeal Nov. 1 that got her off death row and will mean life in prison. She was convicted of masterminding the murder of her boyfriend’s parents in Mansfield, but notes withheld from the defense show a different defendant may have played the key role.

Michael Morton, 57, was freed in Williamson County on Oct. 4 after nearly 25 years in prison for the murder of his wife. DNA tests implicated another man, who was arrested last week. Defense lawyers charge that the DA withheld information that Morton’s son saw a “monster” do the killing. Now a judge, the district attorney is under investigation by the State Bar of Texas.

Anthony Graves collected $1.4 million in compensation July 1 for a bogus conviction in the murder of six people and 18 years in prison, including death row. Graves, 45, was freed in October 2010. Prosecutors proclaimed him innocent and said the former Burleson County DA manipulated witnesses to gain a conviction.
See Grits' compilation of possible legislative solutions to prosecutor misconduct.

Kamis, 20 Oktober 2011

State Bar will investigate prosecutor misconduct in Michael Morton exoneration

Chuck Lindell at the Austin Statesman reports today that the State Bar is investigation prosecutor misconduct allegation stemming from the Michael Morton exoneration. The story opens:
The State Bar of Texas is investigating actions taken by trial prosecutors in the 1987 wrongful conviction of Michael Morton, an official said Wednesday.

The bar took the rare step of acknowledging an ongoing disciplinary investigation because of the attention Morton's case has received since mid-August, when his lawyers announced that DNA tests showed another man killed his wife, Christine, in their Williamson County home.

Morton was freed Oct. 4 after serving almost 25 years in prison, and the state's highest criminal court later proclaimed his innocence and tossed out his murder conviction and life sentence.

"We decided, because of the high-profile nature of the thing, that we were going to tell the public that we were looking into it," Maureen Ray, with the bar's office of chief disciplinary counsel, said Wednesday.

Also Wednesday, the former district attorney who prosecuted Morton, Ken Anderson, filed a motion to quash a subpoena forcing him to testify under oath about allegations that he improperly hid evidence favorable to Morton.

Morton's lawyers are set to depose Anderson, now a district judge in Georgetown, on Oct. 26. However, through his attorney Mark Dietz, Anderson said District Judge Sid Harle lacked the jurisdiction to issue the subpoena and that he was not provided 10-day notice as required by court procedures.
Who is surprised that Judge Anderson doesn't want to testify under oath about why exculpatory evidence wasn't turned over to the defense? I still doubt that the State Bar will discipline any prosecutor in the case, because, as Lindell reports at the end of the story, they almost never do:
The state bar rarely investigates prosecutors for cases of alleged misconduct, several lawyers involved in the grievance process said Wednesday. One problem is the lack of credible witnesses because complaints typically come from successfully prosecuted inmates.

It is also "very, very rare" for the bar to follow through with sanctions against prosecutors, said Chuck Herring, an Austin lawyer who specializes in lawyer discipline cases.

"In over 25 years doing this area of law practice, I have never represented a prosecutor," Herring said. "I can remember only a very few instances of reports of prosecutors being disciplined for any violation of the rules."

One such case came in 2005, when the bar sanctioned former Swisher County District Attorney Terry McEachern for hiding information about a paid informant's criminal past to prosecute 46 people in a 1999 Tulia drug sting. McEachern was placed on a two-year probation that allowed him to continue practicing law.
The McEachern case is the one always mentioned, but that's the only example I know of in the last decade where a Texas prosecutor was disciplined by the state bar for hiding so-called Brady material. To clarify, though, McEachern didn't hide a "paid informant's criminal past," it was actually the criminal history of an undercover gypsy cop named Tom Coleman that he failed to reveal to the defense. Still, plenty of other cases have arisen where exculpatory evidence was withheld, including in capital cases, and the state bar tends to ignore them all.

Maybe, like McEachern's case, things will be different this time because of intense media scrutiny. But I'd feel more confident that the profession was capable of governing itself if it didn't take national media attention to prod them into action when Brady violations occur in criminal cases.

See an accompanying item from the Statesman editorial board. MORE: From the Wilco Watchdog.

Related Grits posts:

Sabtu, 08 Oktober 2011

State Bar should sanction prosecutor from Michael Morton case but almost certainly won't

I couldn't agree more with an Austin Statesman editorial today calling for the Texas State Bar to investigate and (hopefully) sanction Williamson County District Judge Ken Anderson, who was the prosecutor that allegedly withheld evidence which might have exonerated Michael Morton, who was recently released from after 25 years in prison based on a false conviction:
The State Bar must look into allegations that then-Williamson County District Attorney Ken Anderson improperly withheld evidence that could have spared Morton from a guilty verdict. Those are legitimate questions that Morton's attorneys have raised in court records. The evidence withheld includes:

A taped police conversation with Christine Morton's mother, who said the Mortons' 3-year-old son described the attack, identified key details about the murder scene and said his father was not home at the time.

A document that reported that Christine Morton's missing Visa card had been apparently recovered at a San Antonio store. There is no record that the lead was followed up in the sheriff's or district attorney's case files.

A document reporting that a check made out to Christine Morton was cashed nine days after her death, and the signature on the back appeared to be a forgery of her name.

Had those clues been disclosed, it's possible Morton never would have been convicted and the true killer found.
For my money they should also investigate current Williamson DA John Bradley who fought the release of said information tooth and nail for the last six years. Whether these "Brady violations," or failure to turn over exculpatory evidence to the defense, stemmed from malice or incompetence matters little, certainly to Mr. Morton. Said the Statesman editorial writers:
the State Bar can hold prosecutors who violate the law or legal ethics accountable. That responsibility is spelled out in state law, which says "The prosecutor in a criminal case shall make timely disclosure to the defense of all evidence or information known to the prosecutor that tends to negate the guilt of the accused or mitigates the offense."

The State Bar has an obligation to discover why the system failed Michael Morton. A legal system that lacks accountability and fails to correct its errors is an accessory to miscarriages of justice.
The problem is, although the State Bar "can" hold prosecutors accountable, in practice they almost never do. Criminal defense attorneys are disciplined quite frequently, but a one-armed man could probably count up the number of prosecutors disciplined in the past decade for Brady violations and not use up all his fingers. When you're talking about a DA who went on to become a District Judge, I'd put the odds he'll be sanctioned at slim to none, with slim making plans to leave the building. Prosecutors in this state simply aren't sanctioned for withholding exculpatory evidence, for reasons that completely elude me.

The State Bar didn't even discipline a DA or judge from Collin County after the prosecutor admitted in a deposition they'd been sleeping together during a capital murder trial. (The judge claimed they'd ceased the affair before the trial, contradicting the DA who recalled it continuing during and after the event, but either way they concealed the relationship and/or lied about it for many years after the fact). If those two weren't disbarred, I harbor little hope the State Bar will sanction Judge Anderson over the Michael Morton case. Since prosecutors enjoy absolute immunity even for egregious misconduct, the only even theoretical accountability for them lies with the State Bar disciplinary committee, and they've proven over and over they just aren't up to the task.

MORE: See Chuck Lindell's story on details and implications of withheld evidence in the Morton case.